Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Understanding Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder. It affects how your body processes glucose. Unlike Type 1, it usually develops in adults. However, an increasing number of young people are now being diagnosed in urban cities like Mumbai.

This condition occurs when the body becomes insulin-resistant. Over time, the pancreas fails to produce enough insulin. Without proper care, it can lead to severe complications like kidney damage, heart disease, and vision loss.

Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes in Mumbai

Mumbai, with its fast-paced lifestyle and changing food habits, has seen a sharp rise in diabetes cases. Sedentary jobs, high-carb diets, and lack of exercise contribute heavily. Stress, pollution, and poor sleep also worsen insulin sensitivity.

According to recent health surveys, nearly 1 in 5 adults in Mumbai may be diabetic or prediabetic. Early detection and lifestyle modification are critical to control the disease.

Dr. Ankan Jha: A Trusted Name in Endocrinology

Dr. Ankan Jha, a DM in Endocrinology from Nair Hospital, Mumbai, specializes in treating hormonal disorders, especially diabetes. With years of experience and evidence-based practice, he has helped thousands manage their sugar levels effectively.

His patient-centric approach combines clinical excellence with compassionate care. He focuses on root cause correction, not just symptom management.

Symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes

Identifying early signs is vital. Some common symptoms include:

• Frequent urination
• Constant thirst
• Unexplained weight loss
• Blurred vision
• Fatigue
• Slow-healing wounds

Not everyone shows clear symptoms. Hence, routine screening is highly recommended, especially for people over 30 in Mumbai.

Top Risk Factors in Mumbai’s Urban Population

Several risk factors increase your chances of developing T2DM, including:

• Family history of diabetes
• Obesity or belly fat
• Smoking and alcohol consumption
• Poor dietary habits
• High blood pressure
• PCOS in women
• Physical inactivity

Mumbai’s working population often eats processed food and skips physical activity. This makes them highly vulnerable.

Effective Management and Treatment Options

Diabetes management is more than just medication. Dr. Ankan Jha recommends a holistic protocol:

1. Diet Planning
   Focus on low-GI foods, fiber-rich vegetables, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Cut down on sugar, fried food, and white carbs.
2. Regular Exercise
   A 30-minute walk or moderate workout daily improves insulin sensitivity. Yoga and aerobics also help maintain blood sugar levels.
3. Timely Medications
   Oral antidiabetic drugs or insulin therapy may be prescribed. Proper dosage and follow-up are essential.
4. Stress Management
   High stress spikes blood sugar. Mindfulness, meditation, or therapy can reduce cortisol levels.
5. Frequent Monitoring
   Self-monitoring with a glucometer helps in real-time tracking. Regular blood tests ensure proper disease control.

Why Early Intervention Matters

Ignoring symptoms can lead to irreversible organ damage. Kidney failure, diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy, and even amputations are real risks. With early care under experts like Dr. Ankan Jha, these complications can be delayed or prevented.

Supportive Tools and Resources in Mumbai

• Diabetes education workshops
• Nutrition counseling
• Foot care clinics
• Digital health tracking apps
• Community awareness programs

Dr. Jha also emphasizes digital health adoption. With mobile apps and smart devices, tracking glucose has become easier than ever.